Java Virtual Machine (JVM) is a runtime environment that executes Java bytecode, making Java applications platform-independent.
Key Functions:
- Bytecode execution → Converts Java bytecode into machine code for the host system.
- Memory management → Handles allocation and garbage collection.
- Security → Provides a sandboxed environment for running code safely.
- Portability → Enables Java’s “Write Once, Run Anywhere” principle.
It also supports other languages compiled to bytecode, like Kotlin, Scala, and Groovy.