Retrofit is a type-safe HTTP client library for Android and Java, developed by Square. It simplifies making API calls by converting HTTP requests into Java interfaces, handling JSON/XML parsing, and managing network operations efficiently.

Example usage:

public interface ApiService {
    @GET("users/{id}")
    Call<User> getUser(@Path("id") int userId);
}

This makes API communication in Android apps clean, structured, and easy to maintain.